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A box contains 10 balls numbered 1 through 10. Anuj, anisha and amit pick a ball each, one after the other each time replacing the ball. What is the probability that anuj picks a ball numbered less than that picked by anisha , who in turns picks lesser number ball than amit

🗓 Jul 17, 2023

Answer is "3/25"

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Vinod - IIT Bombay 🌐 India
If Amit picks up 10 and Anisha picks up 9 then
(10, 9, 1) (10, 9, 2) .... (10, 9, 8) - 8 ways
(10, 8, 1) (10, 8 2) ..... (10, 8, 7) - 7 ways
8 + 7 + 6 + 5 + 4 + 3 + 2 + 1 = 8(9)/2 = 36
If Amit picks up 9 then
(9, 8, 1) ..... (9, 8, 7) ... = 7 ways
7 + 6 + 5 + 4 + 3 + 2 + 1 = 7(8)/2 = 28
For 8 - (6)(7)/2 = 21
.
.
1 + 3 + 6 + 10 + 15 + 21 + 28 + 36
You either add them or apply the expression n(n+1)(n+2)/6,
sum of triangular numbers =8(9)(10)/6 = 120
Probability = 120/(10 x 9 x 8)=3/25
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